Cizí válka, vlastní paměť:
dobrovolníci španělské občanské války a jejich osudy

Španělská občanská válka je právem považována za jeden z ikonických příkladů mezinárodní mobilizace, ideologické polarizace a transnacionálního aktivismu v první polovině 20. století. Dobrovolníci, kteří se připojili k oběma stranám konfliktu, vstupovali do války s rozličnými motivacemi, které odrážely jejich ideologické, politické, sociální a osobní postoje. Jejich životní cesty představují jedinečné sondy do kulturních, politických a vojenských dějin 20. století. Konec občanské války totiž ani zdaleka neznamenal konec jejich osudů. Ty pokračovaly nejen během následujícího celosvětového konfliktu, ale i v desetiletích poté. Ve složité mezinárodně-politické situaci po druhé světové válce však jejich příběhy často upadly do polozapomnění, které v mnoha zemích přetrvává dodnes. Mezinárodní konference usiluje o znovuotevření debat o španělské občanské válce jako o klíčovém transnacionálním konfliktu moderní doby. Klade si za cíl propojit dosavadní bádání o španělské občanské válce se širšími otázkami dobrovolnictví, transnacionálních sítí, politické mobilizace a historické paměti. Zaměří se na motivace dobrovolníků, na jejich vojenskou i každodenní zkušenost a poválečné osudy. Chce také zkoumat způsoby, jakými byla tato zkušenost v průběhu desetiletí připomínána, reinterpretována a zapomínána. Z metodologického hlediska je konference rovněž otevřená výzvám a novým přístupům v bádání, od digital humanities po orální historii. Vítáme příspěvky zaměřené jak na příslušníky Mezinárodních brigád či jiné bojovníky na straně republiky, tak i na dobrovolníky bojující na straně frankistů. Chceme vytvořit interdisciplinární fórum, kde zazní příspěvky nejen z oblasti historie, ale i antropologie, kulturních studií, gender studies, dějin umění, politologie i muzejnictví. Původní call for papers na konferenci naleznete zde.

Místo konání konference:  Armádní muzeum Žižkov (U Památníku 2, Praha)
Jazyk konference: angličtina, čeština a slovenština (mezi  jazyky bude ě zajištěno tlumočení)

Program

9:00–9:30

Zahájení konference

09:30–10:35

I. Vzdálené Španělsko: Globální šíření antifašismu

09:30–09:45
Michele Del Balso
Echoes of the Spanish Civil War in the Atlantic Space: Carlo Tresca, Transnational Anti-Fascism, and the Internecine Conflicts of the Italian Diaspora in New York

The Spanish Civil War acted as a catalyst for transnational mobilization, reshaping political allegiances across the globe. This paper examines the conflict’s international echoes within the Italian diaspora in New York City, focusing on the influential anarchist leader Carlo Tresca. Through his newspaper Il Martello, Tresca constructed a pivotal hub for propaganda, fundraising, and recruitment for the Spanish Republican cause, deeply connecting the American metropolis to the Iberian trenches. However, Spain also became a fracture line. This study analyzes how the ideological clashes in Barcelona—specifically the Stalinist repression of anarchists and the POUM, exemplified by the murder of Camillo Berneri—were internalized and fought on the streets of New York. Tresca’s fierce denunciation of Soviet overreach shattered the local anti-fascist coalition, sparking a bitter, localized conflict between anarchists and communists. By cross-referencing Italian and American archival sources (NARA, CMS), this paper demonstrates how the Spanish Civil War functioned as an ideological proxy battleground in the Atlantic space. Ultimately, it argues that the geopolitical tensions born in Spain directly reshaped the trajectories of the Italian anti-fascist emigration, culminating in transnational political violence and setting the stage for Tresca’s own assassination in 1943.

Michele Del Balso obtained his PhD in contemporary history from the University of Molise in July 2024, defending a dissertation on terrorism and political repression during the Fascist regime (1922–1943). Following his doctoral studies, he worked on a research project funded by the PRIN 2022 program, which centered on political violence, Fascism, and organized crime in 1930s and 1940s New York, with a specific focus on Carlo Tresca’s murder. He has conducted extensive archival research abroad, including fellowships and research periods at the Center for Migration Studies (CMS) in New York, the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in College Park, and The National Archives (TNA) in London. His recent publications and research interests focus primarily on the historical links between radical movements, state surveillance, and political violence.

09:45–10:00
Anik Chattopadhyay
In Defence of the Republic: Mulk Raj Anand and the Production of “Anti-Fascism” in a Colonial Context

Recollections of International Brigade volunteers have long provided a foundation for scholarship on the Spanish Civil War. Yet comparatively little attention has been paid to how the conflict was interpreted, remembered, and politically mobilized beyond Europe, particularly within colonial societies. This paper examines the literary and political writings of Mulk Raj Anand, a celebrated Indian novelist, anti-fascist activist, and a combatant in Republican Spain, to trace the emergence of a locally grounded yet universalist idiom of anti-fascism in colonial India. Drawing on Anand’s novels, political sketches, articles, memoirs, and correspondence, the paper explores how the defence of Republican Spain entered the political imagination of Indian anti-colonialism. It asks, first, how Anand translated his engagement with the Spanish conflict into a distinctly Indian anti-fascist politics and how this politics negotiated the tensions and dilemmas of the national movement during the late colonial period. Second, it investigates how the internationalist impulses generated by the war were articulated through organizations such as the Progressive Writers’ Association and how these bodies functioned as nodal points within wider transnational anti-fascist networks. By shifting attention to the colonial periphery, the paper highlights the afterlives of the Spanish Civil War and the global circulation of anti-fascist ideas.

Anik Chattopadhyay is a postgraduate student in History at Presidency University, Kolkata, with research interests in anti-imperialist internationalism, memory politics, and cultural resistance across South Asia. His work has engaged with the intersections of regional political cultures and transnational solidarities, particularly within the context of the Global South during the Cold War. He has presented his research at several international forums, including the 28th European Conference on South Asian Studies (ECSAS) at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University, and 60 Years of the Tricontinental Conference: Context, Impact, Legacy, and Future, an international conference organized by the Centre for Research on Cuba at the University of Nottingham and held at the University of Havana, Cuba. His current research examines the Indian entanglements of the League Against Imperialism and the transnational networks that emerged around the Brussels Congress of 1927. He is also scheduled to present his work at the Brussels 1927 and the League Against Imperialism conference in Basel and Amsterdam in 2027.

10:00–10:15
Xiaying Zhang
A Foreigners’ War and Chinese Memory: Zhang Tiesheng’s In Spain (1938)

Facing the threat from Japan, the community of overseas Chinese in Europe organized a federation to support China’s War against Japan (Quan’ou kanglian 全欧抗联). In October 1937, a trip to Spain was organized to learn about the Spanish Civil War and the global anti-fascist movement. This delegation was led by General Yang Hucheng, who had launched the Xi’an Incident in December 1936, which forced Chiang Kai-shek to ally with the Communists against Japan. Zhang Tiesheng, then a Chinese student in Berlin, joined this historic visit. The delegation’s firsthand observations were published in the Paris- based Jiu Guo Shi Bao (救国时报). Upon returning, Zhang compiled his accounts into a booklet titled In Spain (Zai Xibanya 在西班牙) in 1938. Through a textual analysis of this previously unexplored source, this paper will highlight how the Spanish Civil War was perceived by a Chinese journalist, and analyze its instrumentalization as a wartime mobilization and propaganda tool in China. By doing so, this study aims to enrich our understanding of the transnational dimension and global history of the Spanish Civil War. Key words: Spanish Civil War, Zhang Tiesheng, Chinese Memory, Wartime Mobilization and Propaganda, Transnational History

Xiaying Zhang is a Ph.D student in the History department of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona. She holds a Master’s from Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, focusing on the Chinese volunteers in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War. Her interests include 1930s Chinese History, Sino-Spanish relations, and transnational anti-fascist movements. Her current work focuses on the Spanish Civil War from a Chinese perspective, exploring how the image of Madrid as an anti-fascist symbol influenced the Battle of Wuhan in 1938.

10:15–10:35
Diskuze

10:35–10:50

Přestávka na kávu

10:50–11:55

II. Motivace, identita a instituce

10:50–11:05
Yaacov Falkov
“My Motives Are Hitler, Guernica, García Lorca”: Jewish Volunteers from British Mandatory Palestine in the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939

The International Brigades, a force of some 35,000 foreign volunteers who fought for the Second Spanish Republic, were essentially a transnational enterprise. One of their fractions,small but very active and well-integrated, consisted ofJewish volunteers from Palestine, at that time a territory under British administration. Today we know that this group counted up to 360 people, men and women, including about 160 members of the PCP – Palestinian Communist Party. At least 70 of them died fighting for the Republic, and another 80 or so were wounded. The proposed paper will be based on Comintern archival materials and the memories of veterans, as well as on various secondary sources. It will describe the life trajectories of the IB Jewish volunteers from Palestine before and after the Spanish Civil War, their age, political affiliations and motivations for volunteering, routes to Spain, interactions with their non-Jewish environment, their military specializations, the major battles they fought in, and the losses they suffered. The paper will conclude by addressing the ways in which this group’s experiences were commemorated, reinterpreted, and finally forgotten over the decades.

11:05–11:20
Ginta Ieva Bikše
Latvian Volunteers in the Dimitrov Battalion

Public memory of Latvian participation in the Spanish Civil War was largely shaped during the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (Latvian SSR), when several veterans publicly recounted their experiences. According to estimates of the collection Latvijas cīnītāji Spānijā (1966), 16 Latvian volunteers served in the battalion named after Bulgarian communist Georgi Dimitrov. With recollections used for propaganda and unfavorable details omitted from Soviet historiography, even a full list of their names was lacking. The paper examines the composition and motivations of Latvian volunteers who served in the Battalion and provides an overview of their combat experience. It draws primarily on materials from the Latvian National Archives and unpublished memoirs from private collections. The first eleven Latvian volunteers joined the Battalion in early 1937. Latvian volunteers in this unit suffered higher mortality rates than those in the other two major Latvian groups formed later that year. Most were supporters of communist ideals.

Ginta Ieva Bikše is an Assistant Professor in the Department of History and Archaeology at the Faculty of Humanities, University of Latvia. She earned her PhD in 2024 with a dissertation “The International Dimension of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) and Latvia”.

11:20–11:35
Salvador Lima
Foreign Volunteers in Franco’s Forces: Ideology, Pragmatism, and the Spanish Legion, 1936–1939

The Spanish Civil War attracted a significant, if numerically limited, contingent of foreign counterrevolutionary volunteers to the Nationalist cause. Between 1936 and 1939, approximately 1,248 recruits from 37 countries enlisted in the Spanish Legion through Franco’s recruitment bureau in Talavera, joining Carlist Requeté units and Falange militias as part of what contemporaries framed as a Christian-European crusade against Judeo-Masonic-Bolshevism. Drawing on archival materials from the Archive in Ávila — including personnel files, intelligence reports, and correspondence — this paper interrogates the motivations, social profiles, and institutional experiences of these foreign legionnaires. The paper argues that, while ideological affinity with Nationalist counterrevolution facilitated enlistment, it did not determine it. Alongside political conviction, material precarity, geographic proximity, prior colonial service, and the search for social integration shaped individual trajectories. Furthermore, the Nationalist authorities’ own ambivalence toward foreign fighters — rooted in distrust, professional jealousy, and logistical constraints — reveals the gap between the regime’s transnational rhetoric and its recruitment practices. The Spanish Legion thus emerges not as a straightforwardly fascist transnational space, but as an institution where ideology, opportunism, and institutional pragmatism intersected in complex and sometimes contradictory ways.

Salvador Lima is a PhD Researcher at the Department of History of the European University Institute. He is a recipient of the ‘Salvador de Madariaga’ Grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education. His research focuses on the Foreign Legions and the Transnational Volunteers in the Modern Period and the interactions between practices of colonial violence and European warfare. He is also an Editor-at-Large at the Toynbee Prize Foundation and member of the research project Bibliografia Italiana di Storia Militare at the Centro interuniversitario di studi e ricerche storico-militari.

11:35–11:55
Diskuze

11:55–13:10

Pauza na oběd

13:10–14:10

Keynote lecture

14:10–15:15

III. Péče a humanitární pomoc

14:10–14:25
Kathleen Brown 
“Our Children in Spain”: American Social Workers Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy in the Spanish Civil War

Historiography of international volunteers active in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) has overwhelmingly focused on the experiences of military and medical personnel. This paper investigates the lesser-known contributions of US-American social workers, members of the leftwing “Social Workers Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy,” who traveled to Republican Spain to study the conditions of refugees in 1937. Unlike non-partisan relief organizations like the Quakers or International Red Cross, the Social Workers Committee saw their work as deeply political: by sustaining social reproduction in the rearguard, they were contributing to the Second Spanish Republic’s struggle against fascism. Upon their return to the United States, these women launched educational and fundraising campaigns for civilian relief, focusing on the experiences of displaced children in the Republic’s colonias infantiles, or children’s homes. Specifically, they sought to raise antifascist consciousness among the American population by highlighting fascism’s threat to women and children, in what I characterize as “feminist antifascism.” Analyzing publicity materials, oral history interviews, and organizational records, my paper illuminates these women’s motivations and politics, expanding our understanding of American women’s contributions to international antifascist struggle.

Kathleen Brown is an advanced PhD candidate in American Culture at the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, where her dissertation investigates US-American women’s antifascism during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). In 2024 she won the Abraham Lincoln Brigade Archives’ George Watt Award for Spanish Civil War scholarship and served as ALBA’s social media coordinator in 2025. Her writing and scholarship can be found in Against the Current, Long Haul Magazine, Spectre Journal, The Abuseable Past, and in the edited collection, The Pandemic and the Working Class (University of Illinois Press, 2025).

14:25–14:40
Chrystina Ochsankehl
 Between Faith and Fascism: American Women and the Spanish Civil War

Scholarly research often highlights American Women in the Spanish Civil War as nurses, journalists, and political organizers in a global humanitarian and anti-fascist effort. This paper contributes to this field of research in investivating the political and religious motivations for American women’s involvement within the conflict, both in support for and against the Republics cause. It emphasizes the political motivations of U.S.-based women labor unionists and female volunteers in the war in contrast to the dissent from Catholic institutions for the Republican faction. Ultimately this exploration covers the extent to which politics and religion factored into women’s motivations for supporting the Spanish Republicans and Spanish Nationalists.

Chrystina Ochsankehl is a graduate student at Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Michigan, pursuing a Master of Arts degree in History. Her current research focuses on the role of women in the Spanish Civil War through comparisons between American women’s and Spanish women’s experiences. She has previously presented original research at the 2026 Multidisciplinary Graduate Student Conference in Premodern Studies at the Newberry Library and the Great Lakes History Conference.

14:40–14:55
Müzeyyen Ezel Ünal
“Saving Refugees” in the Spanish Civil War: Turkish Diplomats, Humanitarian Networks and Diplomatic Asylum

The Spanish Civil War generated one of Europe’s first large-scale humanitarian crises, forcing thousands of civilians to seek protection in foreign diplomatic missions. Drawing on previously unexplored documents from the Turkish Diplomatic Archive, this paper examines how Turkish diplomats in Madrid transformed their legation into a place of refuge and became active participants in international humanitarian efforts despite Turkey’s official policy of neutrality. The paper focuses on the protection and evacuation of more than 700 refugees sheltered under Turkish diplomatic protection between 1936 and 1937. It analyzes negotiations with Republican authorities, cooperation and tensions with other foreign diplomatic missions, and Turkey’s use of diplomatic leverage to secure the refugees‘ evacuation aboard the Karadeniz. Rather than presenting humanitarian action as a purely moral undertaking, the paper demonstrates how refugee protection emerged through the interaction of diplomatic practice, strategic calculation, and international politics. By examining the Turkish case, the paper contributes to recent scholarship on diplomatic asylum and the transnational humanitarian networks created during the Spanish Civil War. It argues that diplomats from a small neutral state played a significant role in protecting civilians and facilitating cross-border mobility, revealing how humanitarian action became an integral component of diplomacy in one of the twentieth century’s first internationalized conflicts.

Müzeyyen Ezel ÜNAL is a research assistant at the Faculty of Political Sciences, Kocaeli University. She completed her Ph.D. in 2022 with a prosopographical study on ambassadors of the early Republican period of Turkey. Her research focuses on Turkey’s political and social life and the social history of diplomacy.

14:55–15:15
Diskuze

15:30–16:35

IV. Československo rozdělené Španělskem: mobilizace levice a pravice

15:30–15:45
Thomas Oellermann
Španělská občanská válka a sudetská německá sociální demokracie

Po zániku německé sociálnědemokratické strany v roce 1933 a rakouské v roce 1934 byla sudetská německá sociálnědemokratická strana jediným skutečně významným dělnickým hnutím v německy mluvícím prostoru. Poskytovala pomoc soudružkám a soudruhům, kteří uprchli z Německa a Rakouska. Především však pokračovala v boji proti fašismu a nacismu. Španělská občanská válka se v tomto kontextu stala ústřední událostí zahraniční politiky, kterou se sudetoněmecká sociální demokracie zabývala. Ve svém příspěvku bych rád osvětlil reakci sudetské německé sociální demokracie na španělskou občanskou válku. Rád bych popsal, jaké aktivity hnutí podniklo na podporu republikánského Španělska. Přitom se zaměříme na sudetoněmecký sociálnědemokratický tisk té doby. To vše bych rád zasadil do kontextu bojové připravenosti sudetoněmecké sociálnědemokratické strany, která od dob první světové války prošla určitými proměnami.

15:45–16:00
Lukáš Mikulecký
Pozitivní ohlasy v československém veřejném prostoru vůči povstalecké straně španělské občanské války

Zatímco ve Španělsku probíhala krvavá občanská válka, v československém tisku a veřejném prostoru se rozhořel na ní reagující konflikt, ve kterém si skupiny i politické strany hledaly své favority. Pro společnost to znamenalo vnitřní rozpolcení a rozdělení podle politických a ideologických linií. Naprostá většina fašistických ale také mainstreamových pravicově demokratických stran, respektive jejich tisku, se přiklonila více či méně otevřeně na stranu povstalců a hájila jejich boj proti Madridské vládě. Příspěvek proto bude mapovat tyto projevy ve veřejném prostoru a jejich argumentaci. Ta do sebe zapojila neuvěřitelnou paletu témat, a zatímco počínaly strachem z celosvětové bolševické revoluce, potřebou ochrany křesťanské evropské kultury, rozpomínáním na legionářskou tradici nebo ztotožněním s programem povstalců, končily argumenty nenávistí k židovskému či zednářskému spiknutí. Za touto argumentací stály velice různorodé důvody, které vycházely jak z vnitrostátní situace jednotlivých skupin, tak mezinárodního postavení Československa, a konflikt byl zástupným tématem vlastního sporu o budoucnost ČSR. Nelze ani opomenout přímé napojení na povstaleckou stranu. Zároveň bude příspěvek řešit zapojitelnost AI-asistovaného výzkumu pro studium digitalizovaných periodik a představí výzkumem ozkoušenou variantu, která nabízí možnost vyhledávání specifických nepravidelných zmínek ve velkém množství materiálu pomocí AI za zlomek času.

Student PedF a FF UK finalizující bakalářský program historie, který se ve svém výzkumu zaměřuje na vztah československé veřejnosti ke španělské občanské válce a jejím válčícím stranám. Zároveň se v rámci studia učitelství soustředí na vytváření didaktických metod, které žákům vykreslí konflikt ideologií v Československu právě na španělské občanské válce.

16:00–16:15
Jiří Plachý
Španělská občanská válka a česká krajní pravice

Příspěvek bude věnován reflexi španělské občanské války ze strany mimoparlamentních seskupení české krajní pravice, především Vlajky-Hnutí za nové Československo a secesistických skupin fašistického hnutí, jako např. Národní strany radikální a dále vlivu, který měl tento konflikt na jejich další politické směřování na konci První republiky. Pozornost bude věnována také nástinu dosud ne zcela frekventované problematiky služby českých dobrovolníků ve vojenských formacích generála Franca.

16:15–16:35
Diskuze

18:00–19:00

Slavnostní zahájení 

09:30–10:35

V. Ze Španělska do boje proti nacismu: exil, zpravodajská činnost a odboj

09:30–09:45
David Majtenyi
Interbrigadiers in the RAF – Oldřich Selichar’s Papers

09:45–10:00
Martin Posch
Španielski republikáni a Special Operations Executive

Vznik Special Operations Executive (SOE) v lete 1940, po páde Francúzska, otvoril priestor pre nábor cudzincov do britských operácií nekonvenčnej vojny. Jednou zo skupín, ktorá svojimi skúsenosťami zaujala britských spravodajcov, boli španielski republikáni. Po Francovom víťazstve v občianskej vojne a následnej porážke Francúzska sa mnohí z nich ocitli v mimoriadne zložitej situácii. Príspevok Španielski republikáni a Special Operations Executive (1940 – 1945) sleduje výcvik týchto agentov, ako aj širšie spravodajské a politické súvislosti britskej snahy zabrániť tomu, aby sa frankistický režim počas druhej svetovej vojny pridal na stranu Osi. Na základe zachovaných dokumentov z proveniencie SOE, predovšetkým fondu HS uloženého v The National Archives v Kew, príspevok rekonštruuje nábor, výcvik a nasadenie španielskych republikánov, ale aj celkovú stratégiu SOE v tomto priestore. Republikáni patrili medzi najskorších zahraničných frekventantov SOE. Pod krycím označením SCONCE boli od jesene 1940 školení v priestoroch Special Training Schools, napríklad v Brickendonbury a Arisaigu. Vycvičení agenti boli v priebehu konfliktu nasadzovaní v severnej Afrike i v okupovanej Európe. Osobitná pozornosť je venovaná širším politickým zámerom SOE pri úvahách o využití republikánskych agentov v prípade nemeckého vpádu na Pyrenejský polostrov alebo vstupu frankistického Španielska do vojny na strane Osi.

Martin Posch vyštudoval históriu na Filozofickej fakulte Univerzity Komenského v Bratislave a na Historickom ústave Slovenskej akadémie vied získal v roku 2019 titul PhD. V rokoch 2019 až 2024 pôsobil aj v Dokumentačnom stredisku holokaustu v Bratislave, kde participoval na projekte European Holocaust Research Infrastructure. Vo svojom výskume sa zaoberá protinacistickým odbojom v Európe a činnosťou spojeneckých spravodajských služieb. Počas štúdia absolvoval výskumné pobyty na Univerzite Karlovej v Prahe, Rakúskej akadémii vied vo Viedni a na Kingston University v Londýne. V súčasnosti pôsobí na Historickom ústave Slovenskej akadémie vied. Je autorom niekoľkých vedeckých štúdií a publikácie Spojenectvo z núdze: Spolupráca SOE a československej spravodajskej služby počas 2. svetovej vojny a zostavovateľom niekoľkých kolektívnych monografií.

10:00–10:15
Grazyna Zajdow
The Antifascism of Szymon Zajdow: From Poland to Spain to France

Szymon Zajdow was a Polish Jewish communist who travelled from Poland in 1937 to Spain to join the International Brigades. After taking part in battles on the Aragon front and the Ebro river, and being wounded twice, he fought back over the Pyrenees into France after fall of the Republic. Like many other brigaders in his position, Szymon spent time in French camps and prisons before finally being arrested in Paris in late 1941 and then transported to Auschwitz on the first French convoy in March 1942. Szymon survived 2 years in Auschwitz before escaping in July 1944. This paper will concentrate on Szymon’s experiences in France from February 1939 to March 1942. It will explore Szymon’s relationships with his comrades in the various camps and their experiences as refugees in a France that effectively moved from being a country of refuge to being a one of internment. It will trace the beginnings of the resistance in Nazi-occupied France by men who had been schooled in many years of antifascism and whose antifascism was burnished by their experiences in the Spanish civil war.

Grazyna Zajdow (Ph. D) was an academic sociologist at Deakin University, Melbourne for almost 40 years until her retirement. Since then, she has completed a Masters in History from the University of Melbourne about the experiences of her father, Szymon Zajdow during the Spanish Civil War.

10:15–10:35
Diskuze

10:35–10:50

Přestávka na kávu

10:50–12:10

VI. Válka nekončí: veteráni v nových konfliktech, 1939–1953

10:50–11:05
Vladan Vukliš
Transnational Trajectories of Yugoslav Volunteers from Spain, 1936–1945

Around 1.850 Yugoslavs took part in the Spanish Civil War on the side of the Republic. Their backgrounds, experiences and trajectories can be summarized in one word: transnational. Most of them, close to three quarters, came to Spain as expats who established their residence in countries other than native Yugoslavia. Many of them left their homeland in pursuit of work. A significant portion fled as political emigres, members of the outlawed Communist Party of Yugoslavia, whose leadership at that time also resided abroad, and then responded to the call for solidarity with the Republic. Among the first to answer – or to be sent – were those individuals who lived in the USSR, and who, in the earliest phases, occupied important positions in the International Brigades. Those without stronger political backgrounds – workers, students, non-aligned antifascists and destiny seekers – had to demonstrate exceptional readiness in the face of battle, and, quite often, they pushed themselves to the forefront; or, in failing to do so, took other paths. For those who persisted, equally important – if not more so – were the battles that came later, during the Second World War.

Born in 1984 in Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Vladan Vukliš is a scholar and author with a PhD in contemporary history from the University of Banja Luka, and the highest professional title of archival advisor, earned through a decades long practice in this profession. He published extensively on the Spanish Civil War (with the leading book on Yugoslav volunteers) and the Second World War in Yugoslavia, focusing on the history of the Communist Party and the Partisan resistance movement.

11:05–11:20
Aleksandar Životić
Balkan Continuation of the Spanish Civil War: “Spanish Fighters” and the Yugoslav Partisan Struggle, 1941–1945

During the Spanish Civil War, from 1936 to 1939, 1,664 Yugoslavs, mostly organized and sent to that country by the Yugoslav Communist Party, fought on the side of the Spanish Republic, fighting as part of the international brigades. Over 700 of them died, while the rest were imprisoned in concentration camps in France after the war. After the defeat of France in 1940, a significant number of them came to Yugoslavia through illegal channels. A large number of them, upon their return to Yugoslavia, also participated in the National Liberation War of Yugoslavia. In the People’s Liberation War, from 1941 to 1945, about 250 Spanish fighters participated, who managed to return to Yugoslavia in the period from 1939 to 1942. Of the 133 of them, who died during the war, 34 were proclaimed national heroes of Yugoslavia. During the People’s Liberation War, Spanish fighters, using the experience gained on the battlefields of Spain, performed the most responsible duties in the People’s Liberation Movement and the People’s Liberation Army. In 1945, the commanders of all four Yugoslav armies were Spanish fighters. Their experience was of exceptional importance in the field of establishing a command system, planning, organizing and conducting guerrilla and sabotage operations, intelligence work, as well as a system of logistical support in conditions of strategic encirclement. Among the people and partisan fighters, the „Spaniards“ represented a sublime concept of personal courage and devotion to the fight against fascism. For these reasons, their special influence in political and social life was established in post-war Yugoslavia.

Aleksandar Zivotic (Belgrade, 1981). Graduated from the Department for the History of Yugoslavia of the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade, in 2005. Got his MSc title, having defended the thesis Yugoslavia and the Suez Crisis 1956-1957 at the same department in 2007, where he also got his PhD (Dr) title in 2010, having defended his dissertation Yugoslavia, Albania and Great Powers 1945-1961. Between 2006. and 2012, he has worked in the Institute for the Recent History of Serbia. Since October 2012 Asistant Professor, since June 2017 Associate Professor and since February 2022 Full Professor at the Department for the History of Yugoslavia of the Faculty of Philosophy on the Belgrade University. From 2024 Head of the Department for the History of Yugoslavia of the Faculty of Philosophy on the Belgrade University. Published the monographs: Yugoslavia and the Suez Crisis 1956-1957 (2008) Yugoslavia and Arab-Israeli War 1967 (coauthor with Dragan Bogetic, 2010), Yugoslavia, Albania and Great Powers 1945-1961 (2011) and Unit of Yugoslav People’s Army on Sinai 1956-1967 (2011), collection of documents Broken Monolith. Yugoslavia and World Politics 1942-1948 (2012) coauthor with Professor Ljubodrag Dimic, Yugoslav-Soviet Military Problems 1947-1957 (2015, русское издание: РОССПЭН, 2020), Washington Conference 1951 (2015), Yugoslav – Soviet Relations 1939-1941 (2016, русское издание: РОССПЭН, 2020), collection of documents Yugoslavia-USSR. Summits and Talks at the Highest Level of the Leaders of Yugoslavia and the USSR 1965-1980 (2016), International relations on Balkan. Events and faces (2018), Putnik’s School of War. General Staff of the Army of the Kingdom of Serbia 1903-1914 (2019), Moscow gambit.Yugoslavia, USSR and breakthrough of the Third Reich on the Balkans 1938-1941 (2020), Soldier and Historian. Biography of the general Zivko Pavlovich (2020), The road to Metohija. Ibar Army in the First Balkan War 1912-1913 (2021), Timok Army in the Second Balkan War 1913 (2023) and over 170 articles in national and foreign journals and collection of papers. He was visiting fellow in Moscow, Ljubljana, Athens, Budapest, Wien, Brussels, Prague, Sofia, Warsaw and London and visiting professor in Moscow, Kursk, Rostov and Ljubljana.

11:20–11:35
Ali Bassam Zahid
From Spain to Greece: Continuities and Discontinuities in the Lives and Afterlives of Greek Volunteers

So as to mark ninety and eighty years since the Spanish and Greek civil wars, this paper connects the conflicts by tracing the journeys of several Greek antifascists who volunteered in the International Brigades only to see their fate caught up again in the Second World War and the Greek Civil War. As part of a new project between a group of us historians and archaeologists in Spain, Greece and Britain, we have begun to digitally map their journeys from the Iberian Peninsula to occupied Europe and on to the mountains of northern Greece – where most of the Greek Civil War was fought. To many Greek volunteers, the withdrawal of the Brigades from Spain did not spell the end of their battle. What remained of the Brigades in Europe, Britain and the United States, enabled them to mount significant resistance during the Second World War and the Greek Civil War. Yet within Greek memory politics, their trajectories have been dwarfed by a heavy emphasis on the Second World War. By charting the volunteers’ life stories, this paper frames the Brigades as a ‘continuum’ that persisted well beyond the Spanish Civil War.

11:35–12:10
Diskuze

12:10–13:10

Přestávka na oběd

14:10–15:15

VII. „Španěláci“ a socialistické státy

14:10–14:25
Hana Bortlová-Vondráková
Olga and Marie, Beyond Spain: The Making and Afterlives of Two Czechoslovak Women War Surgeons

The paper examines the lives of two Czechoslovak women doctors, Olga and Marie, whose service in the medical units of the International Brigades became a formative experience that shaped their later professional identities, political engagements, and historical visibility. Likely the only (or among the very few) female surgeons in the International Brigades, they acquired exceptional wartime surgical experience which continued to define their trajectories through the WWII, post-war, and Cold War. I argue that Spain was not merely an episode in their biographies, but the moment in which they became war surgeons, an identity that both empowered and constrained them. While Olga’s and Marie’s post-war trajectories diverged sharply, reflecting the political changes in Central Europe, both their careers remained shaped by the gendered constraints. While Olga later entered the institutional memory of Czechoslovak surgery, Marie’s more politically ambiguous wartime and post-war path led to marginalization and oblivion, where she spent much of her later career as an occupational physician in the coal mines of the Sudeten borderlands. By reconstructing their biographies, the paper asks how the experience of war surgery shaped the professional identities, post-war careers, and historical memory of women surgeons whose expertise was forged on the battlefields of twentieth-century Europe. 

Hana Bortlová-Vondraková, PhD (2011) in Ibero-American Studies from Charles University in Prague, is a researcher and editor at the Institute of Contemporary History of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Her research interests include the history of Czechoslovak foreign policy towards Latin America, mainly Cuba, and the history of Central European encounters with Spain and the Ibero-American region in general.

14:25–14:40
Vesna Đikanović
After Spain: The Return of Yugoslav Immigrants and Former Interbrigadiers from North America to Socialist Yugoslavia

The present paper sets out to explore the fate of the Yugoslav interbrigadiers following their return to Yugoslavia in the aftermath of the Second World War. During the Spanish Civil War, a significant number of Yugoslav immigrants, predominantly members of the Communist Party, voluntarily enlisted to fight for the Spanish Republic. The participants included prominent communists, leaders of national communist sections in America, and anonymous individuals motivated by a sense of solidarity. These individuals decided to contribute to the fight against fascism by participating in the Spanish Civil War. Following the cessation of hostilities in Spain, the majority of these interbrigadires returned to America, where they resumed their lives, albeit without necessarily engaging in political or public affairs. Following the cessation of hostilities in World War II, a number of former Interbrigade members repatriated to the Yugoslav state, which was under the leadership of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. What seemed to be the final realization of the dream of a just society based on the communist ideology of equality, for individual returnees became a beginning filled with new challenges and personal dilemmas. The present study will examine the experiences of returnees, i.e. interbrigade soldiers from America, by analysing their encounters with the socio-economic and political reality of the new society. Conversely, the attitude of the new communist authorities towards their party comrades whose political work was related to the North American continent will be highlighted. The primary focus of this research is the trajectory of returnees who participated in the Spanish Civil War. In addition, the concept of a new society will be examined through an analysis of their experience, particularly during the period of significant economic and political transformation of the Yugoslav state, as well as the era of constant monitoring and verification of ideological and political correctness. The present study will concentrate on the period subsequent to 1945, with particular emphasis on the years of extensive economic transformation, as well as on the period of the break with the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc countries following the 1948 Cominform resolution. The presented analysis is predominantly based on primary sources in addition to relevant secondary scholarship.

Vesna Đikanović is a Research Associate at the Institute for Recent History of Serbia in Belgrade. She obtained her PhD in History at the Department of History of Yugoslavia at the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade. She is the author of a monograph Emigration to the United States of America. The Yugoslav Experience 1918–1941. She has published a number of  articles in the field of migration history. Her research interests are centred on the fields of migration history, social history and the history of humanitarianism .

14:40–14:55
Lukáš Perutka
From “Spaniard” to Diplomat: František Kriegel in Mexico in 1964

Relations between Czechoslovakia and Mexico had been developing opportunely since Adolfo López Mateos took office as president in 1958. However, the promising progress became complicated in 1963, when the Mexican politician traveled to Europe, where he had originally planned to visit Czechoslovakia. However, circumstances were not in favor of this plan, therefore, López Mateos made an alternative stop in Poland. This decision somewhat complicated the good relations, and an improvement only came with the installation of his successor Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, to whom Czechoslovakia sent a delegation led by a doctor and international brigades volunteer František Kriegel in 1964. With his demeanor, perfect Spanish, and well-founded opinions, he quickly won over both local politicians and, above all, the public. This rejuvenated relations, which then culminated in 1968. Czechoslovak historiography had already researched the influence of the “Spaniards” on Czechoslovakia’s foreign policy after 1953, but we do not find Kriegel among them. His diplomatic efforts were not emphasized by Kriegel’s biographers or Ibero-Americanists either, because they were interested primarily in his work in Cuba. This contribution, based primarily on unpublished archival material, aims to correct this omission. It is a case study of the usefulness of the so-called “Spaniards” in the Czechoslovak diplomatic services and their positive influence on the (Latin)American Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and relations with Latin American states.

Lukáš Perutka is an associate professor at the Palacký University in Olomouc. He has teaching experience at the Institute of Technology in Monterrey, Mexico, the University of California, Berkeley, and Charles University in Prague. His research interests include triangular relations between the United States, Europe, and Latin America, or migration from Central Europe to the Americas. He published numerous articles and several monographs. E.g. Checoslovaquia, Guatemala y México en el período de la Revolución guatemalteca (Czechoslovakia, Guatemala, and Mexico in the Times of Guatemalan Revolution), and Za to spasitelské moře. Emigrace Rožnovanů do Texasu (Across the Messianic See. Immigrants from Roznov district in Texas). Currently, he published a book titled México y la sociedad checa, 1821-1939 (Mexico and the Czech Society, 1821-1939).

14:55–15:15
Diskuze

15:15–15:30

Přestávka na kávu

15:30–16:35

VIII. Public history: muzea, památníky a politika paměti

15:30–15:45
Antonio Cazorla-Sánchez
The Endless Crossroads of Spain’s Public History of the Civil War

Despite high hopes when social democrat Pedro Sánchez came to power in 2018, no major public history project on the Spanish Civil War has been created. The plan for the reinterpretation of the Valley of the Fallen (now the Valley of Cuelgamuros), presented last year, if implemented (which is far from certain), has been criticized for its weak museum content. The project for a Civil War museum in Teruel seems to be progressing, but without clear public visibility. Why is this the case? In exploring the current labyrinth of public history in Spain and its connection to the different positions of the political parties, this presentation addresses the conference theme of “Memory, myths, and representations”. In particular, it points out: a) the inability of the left to create a discourse about the past that appeals to the political or emotional heirs of the victims caused by the Republic; and b) the identification and almost exclusive monopolization by the People’s Party of the legacy of pain left by the terrorist organization ETA that serves to block the recognition of the pain of the victims of Francoism.Despite high hopes when social democrat Pedro Sánchez came to power in 2018, no major public history project on the Spanish Civil War has been created. The plan for the reinterpretation of the Valley of the Fallen (now the Valley of Cuelgamuros), presented last year, if implemented (which is far from certain), has been criticized for its weak museum content. The project for a Civil War museum in Teruel seems to be progressing, but without clear public visibility. Why is this the case? In exploring the current labyrinth of public history in Spain and its connection to the different positions of the political parties, this presentation addresses the conference theme of “Memory, myths, and representations”. In particular, it points out: a) the inability of the left to create a discourse about the past that appeals to the political or emotional heirs of the victims caused by the Republic; and b) the identification and almost exclusive monopolization by the People’s Party of the legacy of pain left by the terrorist organization ETA that serves to block the recognition of the pain of the victims of Francoism.

Antonio Cazorla-Sanchez is Professor of History, Department of History, Trent University. He is the author of thirteen books and dozens of chapters in books and articles including Los pueblos de Franco; Franco: The Biography of the Myth; Fear and Progress: Ordinary Lives in Franco’s Spain (1936-1975). He teaches a graduate course on Political Violence and Historical Memory in museums, and undergraduate courses on European History, Fascism, Genocides, and the Spanish Civil War. He is a frequent contributor to numerous international newspapers and TV series on these subjects. He is the recipient of Trent University Distinguished Researcher Award, Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, and Commander of the Order of Isabel la Católica. He is co-founder and co-director of the Virtual Museum of the Spanish Civil War (2022).

15:45–16:00
Bartłomiej Różycki 
“The Symbol of Communism”(?): Remembering the Polish International Brigades Members and the Decommunization of Urban Toponymy in Poland

This paper examines political debates surrounding the memory of Polish members of the International Brigades — known as the Dąbrowszczacy — in the context of Poland’s 2016 decommunization law. The law aimed to remove “symbols of communism” from the public sphere, including monuments and street names that had survived the post-1989 transition. Yet the question of which names and objects should be treated as communist symbols proved ambiguous. While many local authorities accepted the broad interpretation promoted by the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), others, often supported by residents, resisted the toponymic changes. The subject of the streets of Dąbrowszczacy became one of the most visible disputes over decommunization, involving national and local politicians, civic groups, and academics. The case offers an instructive example of how historical figures are reinterpreted according to changing political values, ideological needs, and mnemonic frameworks. The paper analyses competing narratives in public discourse and maps the spatial distribution of commemorations of International Brigades members in Poland’s urban toponymy, most of which have since been renamed.

Bartłomiej Różycki – PhD in Political Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland. Main areas of interest: contemporary history and politics of Poland and Spain, comparative memory politics, Cold War history, International Relations.

16:00–16:15
Adrian Shubert
Civil Wars Never End: The Virtual Museum of the Spanish Civil War

Gregorio Marañon, one of 20th century Spain’s greatest intellectuals, once said that civil wars last for ninety years. He was wrong: they last much longer than that. Civil wars leave different – and much deeper – wounds than wars between states and are much more difficult for societies to come to terms with. One reflection of this in the case of Spain is that the country has no major museum dedicated to the civil war that began ninety years ago. The Virtual Museum of the Spanish Civil War (www.vscw.ca) is a digital humanities project that responds to this absence. Since its opening three and a half years ago, the Virtual Museum has been visited by more than 330,000 distinct individuals. Half are from Spain and the rest from more than one hundred countries around the world (including some 400 from Czechia and 100 from Slovakia), testifying to the ongoing global interest in this seminal event of 20th century history. This paper will address the conference theme of “Archival and methodological approaches” by describing the Virtual Museum and explaining the reasons behind its creation and the advantages and challenges of this form of digital public humanities.

Adrian Shubert is University Professor Emeritus in the Department of History at York University and director of the Virtual Museum of the Spanish Civil War. An historian of Spain in the eighteenth through twentieth centuries, his articles and books have been published in both English and Spanish. He is the author of The Sword of Luchana: Baldomero Espartero and the Making of Modern Spain (2021) and The Edwin Fox: How an Ordinary Sailing Ship Connected the World in the Age of Globalization (2023), and co-editor, with Antonio Cazorla Sánchez, of The Spanish Civil War in 100 Objects: A Material History of the Conflict and its Legacy (2024) and the forthcoming The Global Spanish Civil War. He has been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and twice decorated by the king of Spain for his contributions to Spanish culture.

16:15–16:35
Diskuze

9:30–10:50

IX. Biografie, region a paměť

9:30–9:45
Tomáš Baletka
„Byli v tom španělském odboji“: španělští dobrovolníci z východní Moravy mezi interbrigádami, domácím odbojem a poválečnou pamětí

Příspěvek se zaměří na osudy zhruba stovky dobrovolníků ze španělské občanské války pocházejících z východní Moravy, pracovně vymezené územím dnešních okresů Vsetín, Nový Jičín, Přerov, Kroměříž, Zlín a Uherské Hradiště. Na pokud možno co nejširší pramenné základně bude sledovat jejich sociální původ, motivace k odchodu, způsoby náboru a cesty do Španělska, působení v mezinárodních brigádách i další životní osudy po návratu. Zvláštní místo zaujmou vazby mezi španělskou zkušeností a domácím protinacistickým odbojem za okupace, zejména na příkladu Josefa Trlici a jeho okolí. Druhá část příspěvku se soustředí na proměny poválečné reflexe interbrigadistů. Bude sledovat, jak se jejich obraz utvářel v oficiální komunistické paměti, regionálním tisku, vzpomínkách účastníků i v místní ústní tradici. Výchozím bodem je autentická pamětnická formulace „byli v tom španělském odboji“, která ukazuje, jak se v kolektivní paměti prolínaly zkušenosti ze Španělska, protifašistický boj, komunistický odboj a poválečné politické interpretace. Příspěvek tak propojí regionální prosopografické sondy s otázkami paměti, zapomínání a pozdějšího přepisování životních příběhů. Současně upozorní na obtíže při určování přesného počtu dobrovolníků a na rozpory mezi dobovou evidencí a pozdějšími seznamy.

PhDr. Tomáš Baletka, Ph.D. (*1971), vedoucí Státního okresního archivu Vsetín. Odborně se zaměřuje na dějiny východní Moravy, zejména Vsetínska a Valašska, na dějiny správy, církevní dějiny a protinacistický odboj.

9:45–10:00
Pavel Kocián
Sudetoněmečtí interbrigadisté z Krkonoš a blízkého okolí

Příspěvek se zabývá problematikou interbrigadistů z řad krkonošských sudetských Němců a jejich účastí ve španělské občanské válce v letech 1936–1939. Fenomén dobrovolnických odchodů z pohraničních oblastí je v českém prostředí dosud zpracován jen fragmentárně, přestože představuje významný prvek politických a sociálních dějin regionu. Prezentace vychází z archivních pramenů, dobového tisku, muzejních sbírek a orálněhistorických svědectví, které umožňují rekonstruovat životní dráhy dobrovolníků pocházejících ze sudetoněmeckého prostředí a smíšených rodin v oblasti Krkonoš. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována také ilegální činnosti spojené s verbováním dobrovolníků, která probíhala v rámci levicových a antifašistických sítí napojených na přeshraniční struktury. Analýza sleduje způsoby organizace náboru, využívané trasy i regionální specifika pohraničí. Součástí příspěvku je rovněž reflexe perzekuce těchto osob po roce 1939: většina interbrigadistů, kterým se nepodařilo v roce 1940 odejít do Británie, byla zatčena a internována v koncentračních táborech, kde mnozí zahynuli. Příspěvek se dále věnuje i poválečným osudům přeživších, kteří opustili Československo v letech 1945–1946 v rámci vysídleneckých transportů antifašistů. Cílem je přispět k hlubšímu porozumění sudetoněmecké levici, jejímu mezinárodnímu angažmá a roli v širším kontextu středoevropských dějin.

Mgr. Pavel Kocián (1984) je etnograf Krkonošského muzea ve Vrchlabí. Ve své odborné práci se dlouhodobě zaměřuje na místní a regionální dějiny novověku a moderní doby. Systematicky zkoumá interbrigadisty z krkonošského regionu, zejména osoby ze sudetoněmeckého prostředí a smíšených rodin, a analyzuje jejich sociálně‑historické kontexty. Věnuje se také evidenci padlých vojáků z 1. a 2. světové války a regionálním narativům spojeným s válečnými konflikty. Součástí jeho badatelské činnosti je rovněž výzkum dějin letectví v Krkonoších. Na projektech spolupracuje se zahraničními institucemi a odbornými partnery v rámci přeshraničního výzkumu a dokumentace regionální paměti. Ve své práci propojuje archivní heuristiku, muzeologickou praxi a studium kolektivní paměti.

10:00–10:15
Vojtěch Kessler a Jan Slavíček
Vzpomínky na Španělsko ze středu Evropy: ego-dokumenty, soukromá paměť a druhý život španělské občanské války

Příspěvek zkoumá, jak byla španělská občanská válka prožívána, líčena a připomínána v československém a později českém kontextu v různých paměťových médiích napříč časem. Na základě dopisů, deníků, pamětí a dalších osobních zápisů uložených v Databázi dějin všedního dne při Historickém ústavu AV ČR se pokouší analyzovat, jak soukromé osoby vnímaly tento konflikt z hlediska antifašismu, solidarity, náboženství, politického angažmá a pozdějšího vzpomínání. Tyto osobní perspektivy jsou následně komparovány s měnícími se reprezentacemi války v dobové populární kultuře. Výsledná hypotéza představuje tvrzení, že „Španělsko“ fungovalo jako politický, morální a emocionální referenční bod daleko za hranicemi let 1936–1939 a že jeho druhý život byl formován jak prožitými zkušenostmi, tak i kulturním přepracováním v československé a české paměti.

10:15–10:30
Enis Sulstarova
The Spanish Civil War in Petro Marko’s Writings

Petro Marko (1913-1991) was an Albanian journalist, writer and communist activist, who volunteered in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil war. During the Second World War, he was imprisoned in the island of Ustica by the Italian occupiers of Albania and afterwards he was briefly imprisoned by the communist regime of Albania in the late 1940s. Afterwards, he worked as a journalist and a writer, being closely surveyed by the Albanian communist regime. His participation in the Spanish Civil War became the defining episode of his political and literary life, shaping his understanding of international solidarity, anti-fascism, and revolutionary commitment. Through a close reading of his novel Hasta la Vista and his autobiographical writings, this paper examines how Marko represented the Spanish Civil War across different stages of his life and under changing political circumstances. It explores how memories of the Spanish Civil War were reinterpreted in postwar communist Albania, where official internationalism increasingly coexisted with political repression and isolation. Marko’s writings reveal the tensions between personal memory, ideological commitment, and state-controlled narratives, illustrating how the experience of foreign volunteers continued to shape political identities long after the conflict had ended.

Prof. Asoc. Dr. Enis Sulstarova was born in 1978 in Tirana, Albania. Sulstarova’s permanent affiliation is with the Department of Political Science in the University of Tirana, Albania. He holds a doctorate in sociology from the University of Tirana, a master degree in political science and a bachelor degree in sociology, from the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. His fields of interests are nationalism, political sociology, citizenship and identity politics. His main publications are several books in Albanian language about nationalism, idea of Europe, and Orientalism in the modern period of the history of Albania. During the years 2013-2015 he was a Marie Curie Fellow in the Georg Eckert Institute for International Textbook Research in Braunschweig, Germany.

10:30–10:50
Diskuze

10:50–11:05

Přestávka na kávu

11:05–11:25

Závěrečné slovo a uzavření konference

11:25–12:25

Přestávka na oběd

12:30–14:00

Moderované setknání s potomky dobrovolníků

Nutná registrace

14:20–15:20

Komentovaná prohlídka expozice Národního muzea v anglickém jazyce

Tomáš Kafka (Oddělení novodobých českých dějin Národní muzeum)

15:40–17:00

Komentovaná prohlídka expozice Armádního muzea Žižkov v anglickém jazyce

Michal Cáp (Vojenský historický ústav)

Konferenční rada

Vojenský historický ústav

Mgr. Michal Cáp
Historicko-dokumentační odbor
PhDr. Jiří Rajlich, Ph.D
Historicko-dokumentační odbor
PhDr. Prokop Tomek, Ph.D.
Historicko-dokumentační odbor

Národní muzeum

Mgr. Ondřej Crhák, Ph.D.
 Archiv Náprstkova muzea
PhDr. David Majtenyi
 Archiv Muzea dělnického hnutí
Mgr. Jolana Tothová
Sbírka Muzea dělnického hnutí

Ústav pro soudobé dějiny

Mgr. Hana Bortlová Vondráková, Ph.D.
Oddělení II. Člověk, identita, prostor
Mgr. Zdenko Maršálek, Ph.D.
Oddělení II. Člověk, identita, prostor

Filozofická fakulta UK

PhDr. Radek Buben, Ph.D.
Středisko ibero-amerických studií
Mgr. Martin Jelínek
Ústav historie Institute of History

Fakulta sociálních věd UK

PhDr. Barbora Menclová, Ph.D.
Institut mezinárodních studií 

Filozofická fakulta ÚPOL

doc. Lukáš Perutka, Ph.D.
Katedra historie 

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